Rheology and modeling insights into dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) material: Bridging the gap to solar energy advancements

This research critically analyzes the crucial elements of Dye-Sensitized Solar cells (DSSCs), concentrating on the detailed rheological behaviors of component materials and the vital roles of modeling, simulation, and electrical modeling in improving DSSC technology. The variation in rheological characteristics of semiconductor films, counter electrodes, dyes, and electrolytes used in DSSC manufacturing, emphasizes the complex aspect of DSSC research. The examination of rheological characteristics such as shear stress, viscosity and the shear rate at which a liquid is being sheared also forms an important milestone in capturing material behavior. Rheology becomes critical for really telling apart different properties such as pseudoplastic, dilatant or thixotropic behavior. Understanding these basic properties is of extremely high importance, for they directly determine how substances react to external force and deformation. These parameters are like a doorway, providing deep insight into the intricate processes of flow mechanics and resultant changes in structure. Furthermore, modeling and simulation approaches used to uncover the intricacies of DSSC functioning are critically assessed, encompassing elaborate electrical models, mathematical frameworks, and photovoltaic simulations that unveil the dynamic interaction of components within DSSCs. A deeper understanding of DSSC technology and its potential in the realm of renewable energy is facilitated by the critical analysis of these essential aspects. •DSSCs represent a promising pathway for environmentally conscious energy generation.•Rheological analysis in DSSC materials uncovers non-Newtonian behaviors, pivotal for optimizing components and overall photovoltaic efficiency.•Temperature and light intensity impact DSSC rheology and performance, necessitating modeling for real-world conditions.•Electrical modeling is critical for optimizing DSSC efficiency, where parameters such as series resistance, ideality factor, and recombination constants significantly impact photovoltaic outcomes.•Addressing DSSC commercialization hurdles necessitates meticulous rheological control and advanced characterization, multi-scale modeling, and interdisciplinary collaborations to harness their renewable energy potential.