Path release among practices in the process of path constitution: How the MP3-path appeared in the field of recorded music

Adopting a practice-based approach informed by structuration theory, we report on the establishment of the MP3-path from 1997 to 2004 as a process of path constitution that introduced a new path-dependent patterning among the practices in the field of recorded music. This case helps us elaborate a practice-based and more integrated theory of path constitution that incorporates both the production of path dependence and the release from the limitations that path dependence imposes on choice. The empirical investigation rests on a mixed-methods approach combining topic modeling with longitudinal historical research. By distinguishing between practices and entrepreneurial initiatives, we explain how a critical path-release juncture emancipated practices from existing path dependence (the CD-path), which was followed by a path-creation juncture that triggered the production of a new MP3-path. We synthesize the concepts and findings to develop an integrated model of path constitution and thereby contribute to the literature on path dependence. •Path constitution is a process of path dependence, release and pre-formation, formation, and again path dependence phases.•A field exists by way of interrelated practices that are enacted by the many actors who participate in the field.•A practice offers choice between alternative courses of conduct; activity ensues from enacting a specific course of conduct.•Path dependence appears as a patterning in the enactment of practices, which limits choice.•A new path appears through entrepreneurial initiatives that release practices from a path and realign them into a new path.