Measuring the impact of AI on jobs at the organization level: Lessons from a survey of UK business leaders

•An employer survey provides missing data on what happens in firms introducing AI.•AI is more likely than other technology to be associated with job destruction.•AI is more likely than other technology to be associated with job creation.•Job creation is just as likely as job destruction in firms introducing AI. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have reignited debates about the impact of technology on the future of work, raising concerns about massive job losses. However, extant evidence is beset by methodological limitations. The majority of studies are either (1) based on modelling predictions, underpinned by subjective judgements or (2) measure the effect of automation technologies more broadly using proxies for AI effects. Analysis of what actually happens in organisations introducing AI-enabled technologies is lacking. This Research Note proposes a third methodology based on the use of bespoke employer surveys. Drawing on a new and unique survey of UK business leaders, it illustrates the utility of this approach through the presentation of descriptive findings on the association between introduction of AI and job creation and destruction within organisations. Directions for future research using this approach are suggested.