Exploring large-volume GAGG scintillators for use in MeV gamma-ray astrophysics

Gamma-ray astrophysics in the MeV band is an exciting field in astronomy due to its potential for multi-messenger astrophysics. It has, however, remained under-explored when compared to other wavelengths. One reason for this observational gap is the difficulties with measuring these high-energy photons and the requirement of large amounts of detection material. In this work, we investigate the usage of large-volume GAGG scintillators for use as a calorimeter in future MeV telescopes. We developed a 5 × 5 array calorimeter utilizing 1×1×6 cm3 GAGG crystals with onsemi C-series SiPM readout. We tested the calorimeter at the High Intensity Gamma-ray Facility (HIGS) with monoenergetic beams ranging from 2–25 MeV. Finally, we also investigate larger 1×1×8 cm3 crystals and characterize their response across their depth when their surface treatment is either polished or frosted. •Developed a 5 × 5 array calorimeter using 1 × 1 × 5 cm3 GAGG crystals and the IDE AS ROSSPAD.•Demonstrated the 5 × 5 array calorimeter with monoenergetic gamma rays ranging up to 25 MeV.•Demonstrated the depth sensitivity and response of a frosted 1 × 1 × 8 cm3 GAGG crystal.•GAGG is prospective for use as a calorimeter in a MeV gamma-ray astrophysics mission.