Propagation properties of rotationally-symmetric power-exponent-phase vortex beam through oceanic turbulence

In this paper we explored the propagation characteristics of rotationally-symmetric power-exponent-phase vortex beam (RSPEPVB) through the oceanic turbulence. Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel diffraction integral and the oceanic turbulence theory the theoretical model of RSPEPVBs propagating in oceanic turbulence was established. Then the propagation properties of RSPEPVBs were explored by numerical simulation and the influences of the propagation distance z the rate of dissipation of turbulence kinetic energy per unit mass of fluid ε the temperature-salinity contribution ratio ω and the dissipation rate of the mean-squared temperature χT were discussed. The results illustrated that the intensity of RSPEPVBs propagating through oceanic turbulence weakened and the size of RSPEPVBs diffused with the increasing distance and strong oceanic turbulence of larger values of parameters χT and ω and the smaller value of the parameter ε. Meanwhile the coherence of RSPEPVBs would decrease in stronger oceanic turbulence. Further an experimental setup was demonstrated to confirm that the RSPEPVBs will diffuse in strong oceanic turbulence which was strengthened with the rise of salinity and the increase of propagation distance. Contrarily with the increase of temperature the loss of RSPEPVBs mitigated and the intensity increased gradually. The obtained results may provide a potential application for optical underwater communication and imaging.