Extraction and characterization of the structural, chemical, and physical properties of Phyllanthus reticulatus fibers

The potential to replace synthetic materials with natural plant fibers is enormous. The purpose of this extensive research was to identify and outline novel sustainable fibers by extracting from the bark of Phyllanthus reticulatus plants. The present research work shows, Phyllanthus reticulatus fibers have a lot of promise as a greener substitute for synthetic fiber. A 5 % NaOH solution was applied to the plant bark and left at 100 °C for 90 min. The outcomes demonstrated that cellulose made up 60.7 % of the extracted fibers composition. In addition, the content of hemicellulose and lignin was 12.14 % and 16.56 %, correspondingly. The fiber's light weight quality was demonstrated by their low density of 0.80 × 103Kg/m³. The moisture regain and moisture content were 10 % and 9 %, respectively. Confirming the fiber cellulosic nature, FTIR analysis identified and examined the various chemical groups within them. The fibers measured 2.53 nm in crystalline size and exhibited a crystallinity of 71.42 % as per X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provided detailed insights into the surface morphology allowing for a thorough evaluation of the fiber's physical characteristics. Phyllanthus reticulatus fibers are durable, biodegradable and suitable for geotextiles. Their high crystallinity and low density make them ideal for bio-based composites in automotive and construction as well as insulation and packaging.