Acoustic cavitation assisted synthesis and characterization of photoluminescent carbon quantum dots for biological applications and their future prospective

Zero-dimensional, photoluminescent carbon dots (PCDs) are gaining tremendous attention since of their extensive range of demands. Photoluminescent carbon dots have shown high attentiveness owing to novel biological, optoelectronics and physicochemical properties. After the finding of PCDs, it became a potential substance for an enormous horizon of research implementations from biomedical and tissue engineering to energy executions. Based on environmental issues, the sonochemical synthesis is a bio-approachable tactic to produce PCDs with uniform particle size. Acoustic cavitation assisted synthesis of quantum dots involved the top-down strategy fulfilling the hypothesis of de-aggregation. Sonochemically synthesized PCDs are earning tremendous popularity because of the encyclopedic approval green chemistry, and eco-friendly perspectives have comprehensively considered for the modernist generation synthesis practices. Here, we reviewed the acoustic cavitation assisted synthesis and characterization of PCDs, heteroatoms doped PCDs, and their nanocomposites. The influence of several operational variables on the properties of PCDs and their implementations in the biological investigation were highlighted. This review will give the investigation ideas to be explored for the uses of the sonochemistry driven synthesis of PCDs.