Fixation of nanoparticles on fabric: Applications in general health management

Integrating nanoparticles (NPs) with fabric holds great potential for enhancing material properties and expanding the applications of textiles. Some advantages induced in this manner include improved durability, enhanced colour fastness, antibacterial properties, reduced environmental impact, thermal stability, tensile strength, water repellence, UV protection, and abrasion resistance. This review explores current research and developments in fabric engineering using NPs and mainly chemical methods, with a special focus on general health management. It also discusses the challenges and opportunities related to large-scale production and commercialization of fixed NPs in fabric manufacturing. Additionally, various fixation methods are examined, along with the potential difficulties that may arise during implementation. Special focus is given to using chitosan in these types of materials. Whilst increased research in this area is a strong indication of interest, issues like particle instability, agglomeration, leaching, poor adhesion, potential toxicity, and the impact on mechanical properties are still complications in many processes. [Display omitted]