Pterocarpus marsupium Roxburgh heartwood extract/chitosan nanoparticles loaded hydrogel as an innovative wound healing agent in the diabetic rat model

[Display omitted] •PM-CNPsH-1 showed therapeutic properties in vivo in diabetic and non-diabetic group of rats.•PM-CNPsH-1 showed maximum zone of inhibition against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.•PM-CNPsH-1 application on wounds accelerated healing of complicated surgical wounds even on diabetic rats.•PM-CNPsH-1 reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells in granulation tissues and improved angiogenesis. The application of modern nanomedicines to enhance wound healing is growing due to their simplicity for topical organization and fast flexibility with molecules that can boost and reinforce the process of healing even in patients with diabetes. The point of the present investigation was to synthesize effective Pterocarpus marsupium heartwood extract/chitosan nanoparticles (PM-CNPs) loaded hydrogel (PM-CNPsH) and evaluate its drug release efficiency, in-vitro anti-microbial activity and wound healing action in streptozotocin administered diabetic rat models. The prepared PM-CNPs further utilized for the preparation of various carbopol hydrogel formulations. Hence, prepared hydrogels are characterized for pH, morphology, consistency, and spreadability; thus, PM-CNPsH-1 is found to be the optimized formulation. In-vivo rats treated with PM-CNPsH-1 displayed significantly much quicker healing of wounds in diabetic and non-diabetic rats. The histological examination revealed re-epithelization and growth of granular tissue and an improvement in collagen deposition. These results indicate the effectiveness of optimized nanocomposites as a potential treatment for curing diabetic wounds.