Enhanced visible-light photocatalytic performance of a CoMo-MOF@BGCN composite via efficient type-II heterojunction for effective degradation of hazardous dye

•An innovative CoMo-MOF@BGCN composite was synthesized and characterized.•CoMo-MOF@BGCN composite demonstrated a superior visible-light photocatalytic degradation of RhB in aqua.•CoMo-MOF@BGCN composite can attain 99.32% degradation efficiency of RhB in 120 mins.•The heterojunction between CoMo-MOF and BGCN can efficiently increase the separation of photogenerated carriers. The creation of highly effective photocatalysts is crucial and challenging for the degradation of Rhodamine-B (Rh-B) and personal care product residues. This article describes the successful construction of a boron doped graphitic carbon nitride (BGCN)/metal-organic framework (CoMo-MOF) heterostructure using simple solvothermal and calcination techniques. The remarkable photo-degradation performance of synergistic CoMo-MOF@BGCN composite can be ascribed due to its wide surface area, effective charge separation ability, and ligand-to-metal charge transfer effect (LMCT). The effective synthesis and plan of a Type-II CoMo-MOF@BGCN hetero-structured system was revealed, in which BGCN are incorporated into CoMo-MOF to form a Type-II mechanism with outstanding photocatalytic ability. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and photoluminescence spectra (PL) were used to verify the charge transfer photogenerated carriers. There is an unusual rise in absorption light towards the visible light range due to the band gap energy being decreased from 2.62 to 2.41 eV by anchoring BGCN over CoMo-MOF. This composite demonstrated a degradation outcome of 99.32% relative to Rh-B degradation performance. A major role was played by the superoxide radical anion •O2− during the whole degradation pathway. The kinds of reactive oxygen species and impact of inorganic ions on photocatalytic activity were investigated thoroughly. The present research described an innovative approach to creating a robust heterostructure for visible photocatalytic purposes. Furthermore, this study discusses the potential applications of CoMo-MOF@BGCN composite as a modified photocatalyst for the purification of domestic as well as industrial wastewater.