Exploring versatility: Investigating nanomaterials applications in relation to polymorphism

•Explored the chemistry of various nanomaterials and their polymorphic behavior across 49 schemes.•The synthesis and properties of all the materials are thoroughly discussed, including detailed methodologies and reaction conditions.•Special attention is towards sensor-based applications. The crystal structure of a material holds immense power over its traits. In fact, both composition and structure form the bedrock of all physicochemical properties of materials. Given the pivotal role of crystal structures in shaping material attributes, the prevalence of nanoscale polymorphism is enabling the discovery and fabrication of novel materials endowed with distinctive characteristics. Polymorphism in nanomaterials had caused changes in thier mechanical, thermal, quantum and optical properties which finds applications in the fields of medicines, sensors, paints, dyes and pigments. In this connection, this review has been designed to explore the chemistry of a variety of nanomaterials and its significant applications in connection with polymorphism.