Studies on silver-doped magnesium ferrite utilizing the sol–gel process in terms of structure, magnetism, electricity, and electrochemistry

•Magnesium ferrite added with various concentration of Ag.•Fd3m space group with cubic structure is identified.•The Fe–O and Mg–O stretching vibration mode assigned from FTIR spectra.•The ferromagnetic behavior identified, larger Ms (=47.69 emu/g) at x(=1.0).•The dielectric and electrochemical analysis reveals the suitability of sensing behavior. Silver added magnesium ferrite (Mg1-xAgxFe2O4) nanofine grains were prepared by the sol–gel technique from magnesium, silver, and ferrous precursor materials, maintaining the pH value that was subsequently investigated for sensing applications. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the ferrite samples showed (Mg1-xAgxFe2O4) cubic spinel structure, larger crystallite size, and other characteristics. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the active and functional groups with potential stretching analysis were extracted (FTIR). Using an energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) spectrum and a scanning electron microscope (SEM), the surface characteristics, features, and the samples purity were examined. The magnetic behavior was examined using the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) in relation to pertinent parameters like saturation magnetization (Ms), coercivity (Hc), and retentivity (Mr). It was found that the greater Ms in 1.0 is ferromagnetic. The LCR meter was used to estimate the dielectric constants (ε'&ε''), loss (tanδ) with AC conductivity (σAC), and cyclic-voltammetry was used to assess the electrochemical behavior of the samples. A study is conducted on potential polarizations at both ranges of frequencies. The acquired facts are thoroughly analyzed and comprehended. [Display omitted]