Biogenic approach for the synthesis of Ag-Au doped RuO2 nanoparticles in BMIM-PF6 ionic liquid medium: Structural characterization and its biocidal activity against pathogenic bacteria and HeLa cancerous cells

In the present work, we focused on the eco-friendly and greener approach to the synthesis of silver–gold/ruthenium oxide (Ag-Au/RuO2) nanoparticles (NPs) using ethanolic leaf extracts of Justicia adhatoda with ionic liquid (IL) by the hydrothermal method. The 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate IL was used to control the particle growth during the synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs). The Justicia adhatoda leaves extracts contains vasicinone and N, N-Dimethylglycine which behaves capping and reducing agent. The synthesized NPs were characterized by different physicochemical analysis to confirm its formation. The average crystallite size of Ag-Au/RuO2 NP is 24 nm, as found from the X-ray diffraction results. Fourier transform infrared spectrum confirmed the RuO peak at the range of 476 cm−1. The optical band gap of Ag-Au/RuO2 NP is 2.98 eV, it is confirmed by ultraviolet- diffuse reflectance spectrum result. SEM analysis of Ag-Au/RuO2 nanoparticle has a spherical like the structure of surface morphology. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed the composition of ruthenium, silver, gold, and oxygen present in the synthesized NPs. Ag–Au/RuO2 NPs revealed outstanding antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus microbes. Furthermore, Ag–Au/RuO2 NPs exposed good anticancer properties against HeLa cancerous cell line. From the above results suggested Ag–Au/RuO2 NPs can be used in various applications in the biomedical field. [Display omitted] •AgAu doped RuO2 NP was synthesized by BMIM-PF6 IL and J.adhatoda extract medium.•BMIM-PF6 IL controls the morphology and provides spherical shape to Ag-Au/RuO2 NPs.•Ag-Au/RuO2 NPs showed good antibacterial activity against E.coli and S.aureus.•Ag-Au/RuO2 NPs exhibit excellent anticancer activity against HeLa cancerous cell.