Preparation of an electrochemical sensor based on a HKUST-1/CoFe2O4/SiO2-modified carbon paste electrode for determination of azaperone

[Display omitted] •HKUST-1/CoFe2O4/SiO2 nanocomposite was synthesized by via a multi-step self-assembly technique.•The prepared composite was immobilized on the CPE to create a sensitive azaperone sensor.•The effect of operating parameters was investigated.•At the optimum conditions, the modified electrode exhibited excellent performance for determination of azaperone in ostrich meat and rat blood serum. The CoFe2O4@SiO2@HKUST-1 were prepared via a multi-step self-assembly technique. X-ray diffraction spectrum and field emission scanning electron microscopy were used to characteriz the CoFe2O4@SiO2@HKUST-1. A sensitive modified carbon paste electrode was constructed utilizing CoFe2O4@SiO2@HKUST-1 (CPE/CoFe2O4@SiO2@HKUST-1) to determine azaperone (AZN). A comprehensive evaluation performed on the AZN electrochemical process through diverse potentiostatic and galvanostatic techniques such as chronoamperometry, cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry. Decreased over-potential with sharply boosted electrochemical current evoked the impressive electrocatalytic effect of CoFe2O4@SiO2@HKUST-1 on AZN oxidation. The AZN oxidation on the CPE/CoFe2O4@SiO2@HKUST-1 surface obeyed a diffusion-adsorption dual-process favorable for response boosting. At the optimal condition, the better conductivity and greater surface areas of the modified CPE helped to achieve a wide linear range for AZN determination (0.05 to 10000 nM) with a trace detection limit of 0.01 nM. The satisfactory results of the selectivity studies revealed performable AZN sensing in the standard and real samples by CPE/CoFe2O4@SiO2@HKUST-1. Also, validation of the method showed good precision for repetitious experiments and satisfactory accuracy (relative recovery 85 % to 103.4 %) for AZN determination in the ostrich meat and rat blood serum.