Concentrations of trace metals in Siganus javus captured in Negombo estuary, Sri Lanka: Human health risk assessment through dietary exposure

Concentrations of aluminium, cadmium, chromium, lead, nickel and zinc in muscle and liver of a marine fish in Indo-Pacific region, Siganus javus captured in Negombo estuary were evaluated and potential human health risks associated with dietary exposure were assessed. Of the six metals analyzed, zinc was the most abundant metal in both tissues. No significant differences were found between muscle and liver with respect to cadmium and lead concentrations whereas concentrations of other metals were higher in liver compared to muscle. In human health perspective, estimated target hazard quotients for cadmium and lead were greater than the threshold of one indicating potential non-cancer health risks to heavy consumers. Estimated excess cancer risk of cadmium indicate carcinogenic health risks associated with their consumption even at moderate meal frequencies. The results revealed that consumption of S. javus from the estuary needs to be limited concerning non-cancer and cancer risks to human health. •Of the six metals analyzed, zinc was the most abundant metal in muscle and liver.•Except cadmium and lead, metals in muscle were below the maximum allowable levels.•THQ estimates for cadmium and lead indicated non-carcinogenic health risks to human.•Excess cancer risk estimates indicate cancer risks associated with cadmium exposure.•Fish consumption limits were estimated for safeguarding health of fish consumers.