Boosting point cloud understanding through graph convolutional network with scale measurement and high-frequency enhancement

Graph-based methods have exhibited exceptional performance in point cloud understanding by capturing local geometric relationships. However, existing approaches often struggle to characterize the overall spatial scale of local graphs. In addition, they fail to capture the differences between nodes effectively, which is crucial for distinguishing different classes. This study introduces SM-HFEGCN, a novel graph convolutional network that addresses these limitations through two key innovations: scale measurement and high-frequency enhancement. First, we introduce a spatial scale feature derived from the diagonal vectors of the neighborhood, which serves as a unique graph-specific property related to the geometry and density of the local point cloud. This feature can characterize the overall spatial scale of the local point cloud. Second, we enhance the high-frequency information to capture node variations and integrate it with smoothed information to represent the differences and similarities between nodes simultaneously. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of SM-HFEGCN in point cloud classification and segmentation tasks.