Simultaneous cooling of plate and cylindrical batteries in an air-cooled lithium battery thermal management system, by changing the distances of the batteries from each other and the pack wall

•Plate and cylindrical batteries in an air-cooled lithium battery system is used.•Distances of the batteries from each other and the pack wall are considered.•The batteries in the first/last column are the coldest/hottest.•Temperature of plate batteries is greater than that of cylindrical batteries.•Heat transfer coefficient increases as the distance between the batteries grows. In this paper, heat transfer in a battery pack (BTPC) located in an air duct is subjected to numerical study. This BTPC is of both cylindrical and plate batteries and all of them are of lithium-ion type. The BTPC consists of 5 cylindrical battery columns and 4 plate battery columns, which are placed one in the middle. There are 10 battery cells in each cylindrical battery column and 9 battery cells in each battery column. The duct contained two inlets and outlets for airflow. This study was performed for different distances of battery columns from 0.8 to 1.4 cm and the effect of battery temperature in different conditions of battery column distances was measured. This BTPC was simulated using COMSOL software. The batteries in the first column are the coldest, while the batteries in the final column are the hottest, according to the findings of this research. The temperature of plate batteries is greater than that of cylindrical batteries. The quantity of heat transfer coefficient increases as the distance between the batteries grows. The maximum temperature (TMXM) of the BTPC was increased by 0.93°C by increasing the spacing between the battery pillars from 0.8 to 1.4 cm. The quantity of exhaust air temperature was decreased when the battery interval was increased from 0.8 to 1.0, but it was increased when the distance between the battery columns was increased to 1.4 cm. [Display omitted]