Evaluation of the radiation emission of radon gas from various building materials

Soil and rocks contain radium, which decays to produce radon gas. Given its potential health risks, particularly its association with lung cancer, this study aimed to determine radon levels in different building materials sourced from the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia using a CR-39 solid-state detector. The results indicated that the average radon concentration for all building materials was 291 Bq/m3. Granite showed the highest radon level, with an average concentration of 506 Bq/m3. These results highlight the wide variation in radon content between different building materials, confirming the tendency of granite to retain and release radon gas. Granite recorded the highest radiation dose value, averaging 10.71 μSv/yr. Furthermore, we measured the uranium levels and found them to be within the safe limit. These results recommend granite use primarily in outdoor areas where ventilation can mitigate potential health risks associated with radon exposure. Conversely, its use indoors should be limited to reduce the potential for radon buildup within buildings. Comparison with different studies of radium concentrations in building materials reveals significant differences, particularly high levels in granite, and underscores the need for local assessments to inform safety guidelines and promote public health. Overall, this study underscores the importance of evaluating building materials for their radon emission potential to ensure safer living environments and inform construction practices in areas with similar geological characteristics.