Towards a Mobile App Diffusion of Innovations model: A multinational study of mobile wallet adoption

Demand for contactless payments has increased worldwide, but adoption varies by country. We propose a more parsimonious Diffusion of Innovations model (i.e., complexity is dropped and compatible advantage replaces relative advantage and compatibility) to investigate mobile wallet adoption, but with context-relevant extensions of security, privacy and ubiquity. The model is empirically tested for Canada, Germany and the United States. The findings support the proposed model. Furthermore, we find ubiquity, privacy concerns and security risks vary by country, and ubiquity plays a mediating role. This model can be utilized in future mobile app studies and provides country-specific guidance to practitioners.