A peridynamic model for oxidation of T91 steel in liquid lead-bismuth eutectic

•A general model for predicting the oxidation in high-temperature and/or liquid metal environments.•Incorporate the oxidation kinetics and the diffusion dynamics.•Validated for the oxidation of T91 steel in liquid lead-bismuth eutectic.•Capture the influence of temperature and oxygen concentration o...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of nuclear materials 2025-02, Vol.605, p.155594, Article 155594
Hauptverfasser: Tian, Chenwen, Zhou, Zhikun, Du, Juan, Fan, Shuaiqi, Chen, Ziguang
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:•A general model for predicting the oxidation in high-temperature and/or liquid metal environments.•Incorporate the oxidation kinetics and the diffusion dynamics.•Validated for the oxidation of T91 steel in liquid lead-bismuth eutectic.•Capture the influence of temperature and oxygen concentration on the oxidation duplex evolution.•Reproduce oxidation behavior of T91 steel with irregular surfaces and oxide scale cracks. In this paper, we present a reaction-diffusion peridynamic model for the oxidation of T91 steel in liquid lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE). By integrating oxidation kinetics with diffusion dynamics, our model is applicable to a broad range of high-temperature oxidation processes. Validation against experimental data of oxide scale growth for T91 steel in oxygen-saturated LBE at 400–550°C and up to 13,000 h confirms its accuracy. Furthermore, we demonstrate the model's enhanced accuracy relative to traditional formula-based kinetic models. The new framework is utilized to investigate the influence of temperature and oxygen concentration on oxide scale evolution, indicating that elevated oxygen concentrations and temperatures significantly accelerate oxidation. Additionally, we explore the oxidation behavior of T91 steel with a non-uniform surface and oxide scale cracks, revealing that the outer magnetite oxide scale grows more rapidly than the inner Fe-Cr spinel scale in concave regions. Our model captures the transition of the oxide scale from an irregular to a flat, uniform morphology, aligning with experimental observations. This model demonstrates considerable potential for simulating high-temperature oxidation in complex geometries, including irregular surfaces and cracks, across various environmental conditions.
ISSN:0022-3115
DOI:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2024.155594