Obtention of magnetite nanoparticles via the hydrothermal method and effect of synthesis parameters

[Display omitted] •Hydrothermal syntheses were performed to obtain MNPs by varying the temperature.•Smaller sizes of Magnetic nanoparticles were obtained for the longest reaction time.•The purest magnetite samples syntheses were spherical exhibit ferromagnetic behavior.•The average hydrodynamic diameter of each sample was 220 nm and the SEM/TEM images.•The cytotoxicity of the MNPs was evaluated in nontumor cells and human erythrocytes. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been widely studied for their properties and applications in the fields of electronics and medicine. Hydrothermal synthesis, in which the reaction parameters are extremely important because they influence the product characteristics, properties, and final applications, is an existing method for producing nanomaterials. Therefore, in this study, hydrothermal syntheses were performed to obtain nanomagnetite by varying the temperature, reaction time, and molar ratio, and their influences on the product particle size were analyzed using statistical analysis. The products were characterized in terms of composition and purity.Tthe purest samples were obtained at a reaction temperature of 214 ℃ and the longest reaction time of 6 h, with 96 % purity for the tests with a higher magnetite content. All syntheses produced products with particles on the nanometer scale. The purest magnetite samples exhibited an average hydrodynamic diameter of 220 nm and ferromagnetic behavior. Statistical analysis revealed that the reaction time was the only statistically significant parameter influencing magnetite particle size, with smaller sizes at longer reaction times. The cytotoxicity of MNPs was evaluated in non-tumor cells (NIH3T3 and RAW 264.7). Human erythrocytes did not exert any cytotoxic effects on non-tumor cells, indicating that MNPs are promising drug delivery systems.