Encapsulation of the anticancer drug doxorubicin within metal-organic frameworks: Spectroscopic analysis, exploration of anticancer, antioxidant, antibacterial properties, and optimization through Box-Behnken design

One class of porous nanomaterials with nanoscale dimensions that shows potential for medical applications are metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). In this study, introduce a rapid and uncomplicated hydrothermal synthesis method that entails the combination of 2-methylimidazole with silver nitrate. The effective creation of silver metal-organic frameworks was the outcome of this synthesis (Ag-MOF). The Ag-MOF demonstrated pH-responsive behavior and exhibited selectivity towards specific targets, making it an effective system for the delivery of the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX). The synthesis of Ag-MOF was approved by a number of techniques, including point of zero charge (PZC) analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The generated nanocarrier, called Ag-MOF, has a high surface area of 676.06 m2/g, a uniform pore size of 1.6 nm, and a comparable drug loading efficiency (28.89 percent). The enhanced pH-dependent regulated medication release (DOX release of 47.3, 70.25 and 98.90 % within 45 h at pH 7.4, 6.4 and 5.4, respectively). Outstanding inhibitory effects on HepG2 and MCF-7 cells were obtained from the drug-loaded nanocarriers' continuous release of DOX, according to in vitro cytotoxicity studies, but the nanocarriers themselves demonstrated less discernible toxicity. The antibacterial efficacy of Ag-MOF, DOX, and DOX@Ag-MOF particles against bacteria re also assessed. The DOX@Ag-MOF displays a significant inhibition towards G-ve compared to reference drug. According to theoretical research, the DOX has low kinetic stability and strong chemical reactivity. The results of docking shod that DOX has excellent biological action towards Covid-19, breast, prostate, and leukemia. Drug release outcomes were optimized through the application of Box-Behnken design. Therefore, Ag-MOF nanoparticles have a potential application in cancer therapy as a pH-responsive controlled drug delivery method. We present a straightforward and effective method for encapsulating doxorubicin, an anti-cancer medication, within Ag-MOF. Ag-MOFs have received limited attention as drug delivery systems, prompting our exploration of their potential. Our study delves into the regulated release of the drug from Ag-MOF in reaction to external stimuli, including variations in pH and interaction with biomimetic systems. Additionally, we assessed the antibacterial capabilities of Ag-MOF, DOX,