Proteomic profile of stallion seminal plasma

Proteins mediate all physiological changes. Seminal plasma (SP), the product of testes, epididymis, and accessory sex glands, is a fluid released during ejaculation and represents up to 98% of the voluminous stallion ejaculate. The SP plays an essential role in reproduction as a transit medium and a source of energy, antioxidants, enzymes, and minerals. This study aimed to investigate proteomic profile of the seminal plasma of stallions. Twenty-four Criollo stallions with a known reproductive history and per-cycle concept rate data calculated from at least 30 inseminations were used. One ejaculate was collected from each stallion during the breeding season. Pregnancy rates ranged at day 16 after artificial insemination from 20.2% to 95.6%. The animals were divided into two groups: High Pregnancy (HP), with a pregnancy rate per cycle ≥51%, and Low Pregnancy (LP), with a pregnancy rate of