Ultraviolet actinometry – Determination of the incident photon flux and quantum yields for photochemical systems using low-pressure and ultraviolet light-emitting diode light sources

The study of the interaction of light with photochemical and photobiological systems requires an accurate assessment of the incident photon flux. The determination of photon fluxes for various light sources (monochromatic and polychromatic) has an inherent advantage since the use of standard quantum yields for the actinometer assures that the photon flux has been calculated against accepted standards. Alternatively, if the photon flux is known, chemical actinometry can be used to determine quantum yields. This study illustrates how incident photon fluxes and quantum yields can be estimated for photochemical and photobiological systems. First, an example is developed to calibrate a spectroradiometer using a low-pressure (LP) UV lamp using either the ferrioxalate or iodide/iodate actinometers. The Calibration Factors (CFs) (defined as the ratio between the actinometer and the spectroradiometer) agreed very well, demonstrating the consistency of quantum yields between well-researched actinometers. Second, since UV-LEDs have a bandwidth almost twice that of LP lamps, should UV-LEDs be treated as monochromatic or polychromatic light sources? Results showed no significant differences between the monochromatic analysis and the polychromatic analysis. Third, the uridine quantum yield is 0.025 ± 0.001 over the 254–279 nm wavelength range, independent of these wavelengths. [Display omitted] •UV-LED at 279 nm can be considered as a quasi-monochromatic UV source.•For UV-LEDs, a monochromatic analysis using only the peak wavelength is sufficient.•Master equation obtains accurate quantum yield or incident photon flux.•Master equation is valid for all initial concentration ranges for the actinometers.•Uridine QY is 0.025 ± 0.001 and wavelength-independent between 254 and 279 nm.