Localized delivery of healing stimulator medicines for enhanced wound treatment

Wound healing, as one of the most complex biological processes, involves a cascade of molecular and cellular mechanisms. Delayed repair and bacterial infections can complicate this process, leading to prolonged inflammation, chronicity, and in severe cases, resulting in amputation or death of the patient. In recent years, biomedical scientists and physicians have achieved notable progress in understanding the importance of crucial antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, angiogenesis regulators and healing stimulant medications in wound healing. Although the importance of harnessing antibiotics has been discussed in many studies, other pharmacological agents that influence wound healing including angiogenesis and inflammation modulators have received less attention. Localized delivery of these therapeutics promotes vascularization and cellular activity, which is versatile approach to expedite the wound repair process, while increasing efficacy and reducing side effects. Localized drug delivery to the wound site can be carried out through various methods, such as nanofibers, hydrogels, nanoparticles, micelles, liposomes, exosomes, niosomes, microspheres and microneedles. This review underscores the indispensable potential of some lesser-known antibiotics, angiogenesis regulators, inflammation modulators, phytochemicals and healing stimulators, as strategic components in wound healing process, and reveals their significance, molecular mechanisms and functional pathways. This provides valuable insights for future research endeavors and clinical implications aimed at optimizing wound care. [Display omitted]