Design and development of novel formulation of Aloe Vera nanoemulsion gel contained erythromycin for topical antibacterial therapy: In vitro and in vivo assessment

The aim of current study was to develop novel Aloe Vera-based nanoemulsion gel containing erythromycin (AVNE) for enhanced topical bioavailability and improved wound healing process. The Aloe Vera oil was analyzed by GC–MS. Size of nanoemulsion particles was determined by DLS (21.2 ± 5.7 nm). Accelerated and long time stability test showed that AVNE had stability more than 300 days. The disc diffusion results demonstrated that AVNE has antibacterial activities against E. coli (as gram-negative pathogenic bacteria) and S. aureus (as gram-positive pathogenic bacteria). Induction diabetes and infection in male Wistar rats were performed by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (a single dose, 55 mg/kg) and inoculation of 0.5 McFarland units of fresh bacterial suspension of S. aureus. The treated group with AVNE demonstrated significant reduction in epithelization period and wound contraction compared with control groups. In addition, the number of inflammatory cells was reduced in comparison to the negative and positive control groups. Also, the treated group with AVNE had the greatest collagen synthesis compare to other groups. Current study indicated that AVNE is a good candidate in healing infected wounds. [Display omitted]