Stoichiometry crystallographic phase analysis and crystallinity integration of silver nanoparticles: A Rietveld refinement study

•Compact crystalline material strain 0.290 %, lattice volume 68.353 Å3.•Almost 95.0 % silver phase and crystallinity 59.37 %•Lattice parameters α = β = γ = 90.0°, a = b = c = 4.08871 Å.•The average crystallite size was 32.12 nm. A highly crystalline phase of silver nanoparticles was successfully synthesized using silver nitrate as the precursor and trisodium citrate dihydrate as the chelating agent. Rietveld refinement analysis revealed that approximately 95.0 % of the synthesized material consisted of crystalline silver nanoparticles, with the remaining 5.0 % being unreacted starting material. XRD characterized the prominent crystalline phase, providing insights into lattice parameters were α = β = γ = 90.0°, a = b = c = 4.08871 Å; lattice strain 0.290 %, lattice volume 68.353 Å3 and average dislocation density 9.6 9× 10-4 nm−2. The most intense diffraction peak was attributed to the (111) plane at 2θ = 38.18°. The average crystallite size was determined to be 32.12 nm, confirming the formation of crystalline silver nanoparticles. The specific surface area of the synthesized silver nanoparticles was 18 m2/g Notably, the synthesized silver nanoparticles exhibited a higher degree of crystallinity (59.35 %) compared to the standard silver nitrate (38.46 %), indicating a highly crystalline nature. The crystallographic data confirmed the successful synthesis of highly crystalline silver nanoparticles with improved crystallinity over the reference material.