Simulation-based life cycle assessment of ferrochrome smelting technologies to determine environmental impacts

Decarbonization of metal production is currently a unique challenge for the industry. To gain insights, environmental impacts of ferrochrome smelting technologies were estimated using simulation-based life cycle assessment. Two leading technologies: (1) Steel Belt Sintering-Submerged Electric Arc Fu...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of cleaner production 2021-05, Vol.295, p.126503, Article 126503
Hauptverfasser: Hamuyuni, Joseph, Johto, Hannu, Bunjaku, Ali, Vatanen, Saija, Pajula, Tiina, Mäkelä, Pasi, Lindgren, Mari
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Decarbonization of metal production is currently a unique challenge for the industry. To gain insights, environmental impacts of ferrochrome smelting technologies were estimated using simulation-based life cycle assessment. Two leading technologies: (1) Steel Belt Sintering-Submerged Electric Arc Furnace (SBS-SAF), and (2) Rotary Kiln-Submerged Electric Arc Furnace (RK-SAF) were investigated. Four environmental impact categories: climate change, acidification, particulate matter, and resource use (minerals and metals), were considered. Results showed that GHG emissions for producing high carbon ferrochrome vary to a greater extent depending on location of processing plant because of differences in electricity emission factors. For example, South African energy grid generates more GHG emission than Finnish energy grid. Furthermore, though prereduction reduced SAF energy consumption, it did not necessarily result in reduced net GHG emissions due to high coal consumption of RK. Acidification and particulate matter were higher when using RK-SAF technology. Ferrochrome production generally had low impact on resource use. [Display omitted] •Simulation based life cycle assessment of ferrochrome production demonstrated.•Estimation of greenhouse gas emissions for two ferrochrome smelting technologies done.•Technology using rotary kiln has higher emissions at 3.72 tCO2/ton ferrochrome.•Prereduction reduces smelting energy consumption but not net greenhouse gas emissions.•Carbon neutral electricity and biocarbon use recommended for low greenhouse emissions.
ISSN:0959-6526
1879-1786
DOI:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126503