Developing a Holistic Occupational Health and Safety risk assessment model: An application to a case of sustainable construction project

The construction industry has always been infamous due to its staggering numbers of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS)-related injuries, resulting from overlooking all the crucial aspects endangering the involved workers’ lives. Considering this, there has been dearth of a study including all the essential Risk Parameters (RPs) for comprehensively assessing the OHS in the construction industry. Theretofore, a Holistic Occupational Health and Safety Risk Assessment Model (HOHSRAM) is developed in the current study to assess the safety and health of the Construction Workers (CWs’). The developed model is based on the integration of logarithmic fuzzy ANP, interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy TOPSIS, and grey relational analysis. Based on the application of the developed HOHSRAM to a case of sustainable construction project, the following contributions have been noted; (1) calculating weights related to the safety decision makers having different backgrounds involved in the study using logarithmic-fuzzy-based constrained optimization algorithm, (2) involving the individual biases of the decision makers in the assessment stage, (3) determining all the essential RPs to comprehensively assess the OHS within the construction projects in a systematic way, (4) obtaining the final rankings of the identified safety risks under an interval-valued-Pythagorean fuzzy environment coupled with grey relational analysis. Additionally, it is discerned that the proposed model in this research outperforms the existing assessment methods used in the construction industry, through conducting a comprehensive comparative analysis. The developed HOHSRAM is verified to be beneficial for safety professionals by providing them with an inclusive ranking system, improving the well-being of the involved CWs.