Site response measurements and implications for soil deformation using geophysical and geotechnical characterization of Djen-Djen Port, Jijel, Northeast Algeria

This paper describes the concept used to develop a methodology and an integrated approach based on the ambient vibration horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) combined with geotechnical analysis for assessing soil deformations observed in Djen-Djen port located near Jijel-City (north-east Algeria). 140 ambient vibrations recording were carried out to generate a spatial distribution map of the HVSR curves, seismic vulnerability index (Kg) and the ground shear strain GSS-(γ) value distribution maps. The spatial distribution of Kg and GSS-(γ) values estimated correlates well with both the geological units and soil deformations in the study area. In addition, the mapping of the spatial distribution of the HVSR curves delineates six distinct zones, thus reflecting the sensitivity of the HVSR peak amplification factor with the compactness and technical properties of the soil. The qualitative and quantitative analysis developed in this study made it possible to characterize the embankments, settlement, and liquefaction observed at the port of Djen-Djen in eastern Algeria. This paper shows that the HVSR method is a useful and promising technique for studying soil settlement and liquefaction. The Kg and GSS maps can be used as a guide to implementation of geotechnical tests before any conventional study and as well to identify sites that are vulnerable to deformation for seismic hazard reduction. •Combined geophysical and geotechnical investigations for soil deformation analysis•Detailed spatial mapping reveals seismic vulnerability and ground shear strain.•Enhanced accuracy through correlation with geological features•HVSR peak amplification factor links to soil engineering properties.•Valuable tool for identifying settlement and liquefaction risks