Shaking table test and numerical analysis of dynamic response and damage mechanism of a deposit slope with a weak interlayer reinforced by a pile–anchor structure

The study of the cumulative damage characteristics of pile–anchor reinforced slopes under multiple earthquakes is important for evaluating their long-term stability. In this study, a large shaking table test was designed and completed for deposit slope with a weak interlayer reinforced by a pile–anchor structure. The cumulative damage characteristics and evolution law of the slope were determined using a transfer function and wavelet packet decomposition. Numerical simulations were conducted to extend the scope of this study. The modeling tests showed that the internal acceleration of a slope under seismic action has an elevation amplification effect and a converging surface effect. Transfer function calculations showed that the natural frequency and dynamic shear modulus ratio of the slope decrease gradually with an increase in the seismic action, and the damping ratio increases gradually with the enhancement of the seismic action. The wavelet packet transform revealed that with an increase in seismic action, the energy consumed at the slope location increases, resulting in a decrease in the energy amplification factor. Numerical calculations showed that the shear strain develops from the top of the slope to the interior under seismic action. The permanent displacement of the slope increases with increasing elevation.