Semantic Web Technologies for the Internet of Things: Systematic Literature Review

Nowadays, the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) in diverse applications becomes very popular. Accordingly, a proliferation of objects with remote sensing, actuation, analysis, and sharing capabilities will be interconnected on top of heterogeneous communication networks. Their deployment contexts are continuously changed, which imply a change in their descriptions and characteristics. In addition, they are a fundamental source of a huge quantity of gathered data with different encoding formats. Accordingly, this data is badly expressed, understood and exploited by other systems and devices. From this regard, several challenges associated with standardization, interoperability, discovery, security, and description of IoT resources and their corresponding data have emerged. In this context, Semantic Web Technologies (SWT) seem a suitable and an efficient solution to relieve these challenges. Therefore, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology is performed to investiagte and analyze a set of the most recent and relevant approaches that deal with SWT in the IoT domain. These approaches are discussed and evaluated based on seven different research questions. Finally, future insights and research opportunities are suggested.