The role of carbon dots in the life cycle of crops

The novel 0-dimensional quasi-spherical fluorescent carbon dots (diameter 60%) endows it with potential as a nano-carbon fertilizer. CDs with positive surface charges or prepared by medium molecular weight PEI are the key to targeted delivery of fertilizers, pesticides, fungicides, DNA or RNA. The luminescence range of CDs covers the absorption range of plants and the electron donor and acceptor properties promote plant photosynthesis. The antioxidant properties of CDs are crucial for improving crop stress resistance. Photodynamic, photothermal, and UV absorption properties endow CDs with antibacterial and preservation applications. Finally, current challenges and future prospects are discussed. [Display omitted] •CDs can improve photosynthesis, stress resistance, and biomass of crops before harvest.•Antibacterial and luminescent CDs are applied to preservation of postharvest crops.•CDs can act throughout the entire life cycle of crops.•Crop waste can be used as precursors to prepare CDs, which then re-enter to the life cycle of crops.•The relationship between carbon dots and crops is sustainable and recyclable.