Investigation of interface profiles in meshed wicks and related evaporation characteristics

The porous wick in a heat pipe determines the working fluid capillary replenishment ability and heat transfer process. To study the evaporation characteristics of meshed wicks fabricated with wires of micron-scale, a mathematical model based on the augmented Young-Laplace equation and molecular kinetic theory to predict the evaporation interface profile is developed, and the Marangoni effect and slip velocity in the boundary are considered. The evaporation interface can be divided into the thin-film region and intrinsic meniscus region according to the ratio of capillary pressure and disjoining pressure. A new solution method considering the constraints at the intersection of the two regions to obtain the interface profile is proposed and validated. Based on the two-dimensional results, the area and heat transfer rates of the two regions formed in the meshed wicks are calculated by integrating along the four side wires. Then, the evaporation characteristics of the thin-film region, including the pressure and thermal resistance distribution, are studied. Finally, the influence of the Marangoni effect, superheat, wire spacing, interface pressure difference and slip velocity on the interface profile and heat transfer of these two regions are discussed.