Design and simulation of heptagonal porous core photonic crystal fiber for terahertz wave transmission

A heptagonal core and hexagonal cladding Porous Core Photonic Crystal Fiber (PC-PCF) is proposed for terahertz wave guidance. Important transmission properties including confinement loss, effective material loss (EML), and core power fraction are investigated by using the Finite Element Method (FEM) in COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software. At an operating frequency of 1 THz and a carefully selected optimum parameter set, the proposed fiber shows confinement loss in the order of 10−4 dB/m, relative material absorption loss of 0.04 cm−1, and core power fraction of 45%. Guidance properties such as effective area, bending loss, and dispersion are also investigated in detail. Due to the simple design of circular air holes in both core and cladding, the PC-PCF is envisaged to be fabricated using the available stack and draw method. The proposed fiber is envisaged serve as an efficient waveguide for transmitting terahertz wave, particularly in communication applications due to its small loss and dispersion.