Wavefront-shaping focusing based on a modified sparrow search algorithm

We demonstrate a novel optimization method for wavefront-shaping focusing based on phase modulation. The proposed modified sparrow search algorithm achieves a higher convergence rate and a larger enhancement than the sparrow search algorithm by introducing crossover and mutation operations. Through a simulation, the validity of the proposed method is confirmed by comparison with the result of the algorithm without a modification. Further results indicate that the proposed method is robust to noisy environments. In summary, simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms other well-known wavefront-shaping focusing algorithms. Our work may be helpful for potential applications of wavefront shaping as well as offers useful insights for the modification of existing algorithms for focusing use. •Modified sparrow search algorithm for wavefront-shaping focusing in opaque media.•Introduction of crossover and mutation operations in the sparrow search algorithm.•Robustness to noisy environments after the modification of the algorithm.