Cool roof coating impact on roof-mounted photovoltaic solar modules at texas green power microgrid

•Thermal analysis for modules to calculate the photovoltaic energy balance equation.•Monitoring the features of solar cells to arrange the modules on the cool/hot roofs.•Reducing the cooling load by comparing power efficiency of cool and hot surfaces.•Comparing each cool/hot module performance based on the load and battery operation. Cool-roofing is effective in reducing cooling load and increasing the energy balance of buildings with high solar reflectance throughout the cooling season. This article proposed a large-scale of a resilient Microgrid, along with comprehensive thermal analyses for residential building, focused on cool roof-mounted solar photovoltaic system. This project boosts generated power while circumventing a voided warranty issue with the roof temperatures. A white silicone coating on the metal roof with 186 solar photovoltaic 330-W modules were applied to supply solar energy, utilizing a DC-coupled system that features nine 5 kW inverters each with a maximum system input of 600Vdc and 92 batteries with 225.216 kWh energy storage. Upon the completion of the project, the input and output voltages produced by the inverters daily/monthly, along with the battery energy storage, were monitored and authenticated with thermal modeling calculations. Moreover, cool-roof benefit to reduce the solar cell thermal voltage and module/roof heat flux based on the conductive coefficient was evaluated. As a result, solar power efficiency was improved by 10.4%, producing 294.6 kWh of solar energy despite system losses, and the roof temperature was reduced by 3.82°F, increasing 1.91% of output power. Lastly, the comparison study of cool/hot solar power systems proved that cool-roof application significantly enhances safety, sustainable energy development, and building comfort when globally applied.