Worldwide Prevalence of Heart Failure due to Congenital Heart Disease. An Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

There are limited data on the prevalence of heart failure (HF) due to congenital heart diseases (CHD). The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) dataset was used to analyze the disease burden of HF due to CHD between 1990 and 2021. Age-standardized rates (ASR) (crude prevalence rates for age groups) and total percent change for the overall worldwide burden as well as among subgroups based on age and geographic regions were determined. The global prevalence of HF due to CHD in 1990 and 2021 was 2,494,547 (95% IU 2,054,729 to 3,030,909) and 3,155,991 (95% IU 2,578,552 to 3,843,062) individuals respectively, with an increase in ASR from 41.02 (33.79 to 49.79) to 45.33 (37.15 to 55.17) per 100,000 individuals during that period. HF due to CHD in 2021 was most common in children aged 2-4, crude rate of 248.44 (195.99 to 302.57), followed by children