Magnetohydrodynamic double-diffusive mixed convection in a curvilinear cavity filled with nanofluid and containing conducting fins

This work numerically analyzes the mixed convective double diffusion of Fe3O4-water-based nanofluid in a tilt curvilinear lid-driven cavity studied under the effect of an inclined magnetic field. The horizontal upper wall is at a lower thermal and concentration gradient and moves toward the right. The side vertical walls and bottom walls kept adiabatic. Furthermore, two numbers of conducting fins are affixed to the inclined walls at high temperatures and concentrations. The finite element approach is implemented to analyze the considered variables: Richardson number (Ri), Hartmann number (Ha), Reynolds number (Re), Lewis number (Le), buoyancy ratio (N), magnetic inclination angle (α), nanofluid volume fraction (ϕ) as well as the fins length on the heat and mass transport phenomena. The results showed that the Nuavg and Shavg increase by increasing Reynolds number, the nanoparticles volume concentration, and the fin length, while they decrease by increasing Hartmann number. When Ri is small, Nuavg rises with the increasing magnetic field inclination, but when Ri is high, the inclination angle works adversely. On the other hand, the Shavg increases with the rise of the magnetic field inclination for all Ri values. It can be seen also, when Lewis number increases, the Nuavg and Shavg values increase with increasing Ri and magnetic inclination angles.