Pathophysiological aspects of exposure to dampness-associated indoor mould and mycotoxins: A mini-overview

•The inflammatory response represents a major defence against mould invasion.•Inflammation forms the basis for most pathology associated with mould of damp indoors.•Moulds, and especially mycotoxins can override the host's defence mechanisms.•Reactions exists that shield moulds and mycotoxins from elimination by host defence. Indoor mould growth presents a potential health risk. The aim of this writing is to provide an overview on the pathophysiological aspects of exposure to dampness-associated indoor mould and mycotoxins. The paper briefly deals with the host's defence against mould invasion; mechanisms by which moulds can override the host's defence mechanisms; potential adverse health effects posed by moulds, as well as symptoms and disorders associated with exposure to indoor moulds, including respiratory disorders, and non-respiratory disorders. References to recent in-depth reviews on specific aspects of the subject are provided. The prominent role of the inflammatory response, both as a defence mechanism against mould invasion and as the basis for mould-associated pathology is pointed out. [Display omitted]