Political determinants in the strategic planning formulation of smart initiatives

Governments increasingly promote the adoption of smart initiatives based on the intensive use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) to face urban challenges and improve the quality of life of citizens. Multiple styles of smart initiatives have been developed, depending on the government leadership, the level of participation, collaboration, and involvement of stakeholders and institutions in public decision-taking processes. In this respect, this paper identifies patterns of public strategies in their strategic planning approaches focused on political attributes, analysing 1635 smart initiatives disclosed on internet by 12 Spanish Smart Cities. Findings reveals that formal strategic planning is mainly performed in Smart Cities with conservative and coalition governments and where the predominant scope of strategy is global. •This study has identified political factors as crucial attributes in the adoption of new technology in the development of smart initiatives.•This study brings novelty insights concerning patterns of strategic planning approaches and the role of politicians in the formulation and adoption of Smart Cities initiatives.•Findings reveal that formal strategic planning as coordination mechanism is really needed when multiple initiative and city areas are involved.•Governments should favour citizens' participation and cooperation and, also, “educate” citizens to take part in public life and decision-making process, motivating discussion through new technologies.