Endemism of woody flora and tetrapod fauna, and conservation status of the inter-Andean Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests of the Marañón valley

Based on a review of literature related to the biological diversity of the inter-Andean Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests of the Marañón valley (ISDTFM), located in the regions of Cajamarca, Amazonas, Piura, La Libertad, Ancash, and Huánuco (Perú), this study highlights the richness of endemic species of woody flora and tetrapod fauna, as well as addressing their threats and state of conservation. We report 143 woody flora endemics, with Coursetia cajamarcana, Parkinsonia peruviana, and Pradosia argentea, among the most important due to their Critically Endangered (CR) condition, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. The endemic fauna is represented by four amphibians, 28 of reptiles, 13 birds, and five mammals; outstanding among them Synallaxis maranonica due to its CR. We have identified three distribution patterns (A, B, and C) for the endemic fauna. In some cases, there is altitudinal and latitudinal replacement between patterns A and B. This forest is severely impacted and fragmented by the constant expansion of agriculture and new access routes. This situation could become even worse if planned energy and extractive activities take place. On the other hand, only 1.97% of this forest is under some Natural Protected Area scheme. Therefore, it is essential to have this information to prioritize both their conservation and protection of the ISDTFM.