Unhealthy food environments that promote overweight and food insecurity in a brazilian metropolitan area: A case of a syndemic?
•We found a high prevalence of overweight and food insecurity in adults in the Metropolitan Region of Recife, Brazil.•Community and consumer food environments influence overweight.•We suggest that there is a syndemic between overweight and food insecurity, at the most severe levels, influenced by th...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Food policy 2022-10, Vol.112, p.102375, Article 102375 |
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Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | •We found a high prevalence of overweight and food insecurity in adults in the Metropolitan Region of Recife, Brazil.•Community and consumer food environments influence overweight.•We suggest that there is a syndemic between overweight and food insecurity, at the most severe levels, influenced by the food environment.•Implementation of policies that consider the community and consumer environments valid for the local context.
Obesity has been characterized as an ongoing pandemic. This swift and continuous weight increase cannot be explained solely by individual factors. High availability of Ultra Processed Food (UPF) and reduced supply or absence of unprocessed/minimally processed foods in food environments can influence food choices and promote a syndemic process involving overweight and food insecurity. We evaluate the association between overweight and food community and consumer environment among adults in the Metropolitan Region of Recife, Brazil and discuss within syndemic theory. Data was collected at individual and environment levels in 2019. Information on 446 individuals and 231 food stores was gathered. Logistic multi-level regression models assessed the association between overweight and neighborhood and food environment measurements which have been adjusted by individual characteristics and census track data. Prevalence of overweight and food insecurity was high, 70.9 % and 72 % respectively. Each participant had, on average, 20.64 ± 5.78 food stores in their food environment. Stores that sell UPF had the highest density rates. People living within a milieu with the highest density of stores predominantly selling UPF (OR = 1.92; p |
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ISSN: | 0306-9192 1873-5657 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.foodpol.2022.102375 |