1H HR-MAS NMR chemical profile and chemometric analysis as a tool for quality control of different cultivars of green tea (Camellia sinensis)

[Display omitted] •Qualitative chemical profiles of green tea cultivars were similar over the harvest.•Fluctuations in chemical contents were associated with climatic parameters.•Contents of theanine, linolenic acid, epicatechin, and caffeine were tracked.•Changes in linolenic acid contents were associated with rainfall and humidity.•HR-MAS NMR is a powerful tool for establishing quality standards for green teas. Green tea is a product obtained from the processing of fresh leaves of Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze species. In this study, the influence of climatic parameters on the chemical composition of green tea cultivars ('Yabukita' and 'Yutakamidori') over the harvest was evaluated using HR-MAS NMR. 'Yabukita' showed higher concentrations of epicatechin while higher amounts of theanine and caffeine were found in 'Yutakamidori'. The decline of theanine was associated with high average maximum temperature and solar radiation index, this latter also seemed to be responsible for relevant changes in epicatechin concentrations. It was not possible to associate any trend between climatic parameters and caffeine concentration. Fluctuations in linolenic acid concentration were monitored during the harvest period and were associated with the plant's defense mechanism. Monitoring of green tea over seasons and correlating the fluctuations of compounds to climatic parameters might become an efficient strategy for establishing quality standards for green teas.