Derivatives of sesquiterpenes, 2-furaldehyde, phenols, and alkaloids isolated from Taraxacum mongolicum

Four new compounds (1–4), together with 23 known compounds (5–27), were isolated from the whole plant of Taraxacum mongolicum. Among them, one racemic mixture (4) was separated with a chiral HPLC column. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic evidence and mass spectrometry. The absolute configurations of compounds 1, 3, and 4 were determined via comparison of their calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compound 3 showed an inhibitory effect against aldose reductase with a 59.1% inhibition. Two known compounds (13 and 27) showed α-glucosidase inhibition of 51.5% and 56.0%, respectively. [Display omitted] •Four new compounds and 23 known compounds were isolated from Taraxacum mongolicum.•One new compound showed moderate inhibitory effect against aldose reductase.•Two known compounds showed moderate inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase.