The impacts of control systems on hybrid energy storage systems in remote DC-Microgrid system: A comparative study between PI and super twisting sliding mode controllers

•The HESS is subjected to proposed obstacles of power balance deficits in both momentary and stationary periods caused by unpredicted and rapid changes in random PV outputs and the load requirements.•The frequency decoupling of the load demand allows splitting its power among the HESS banks considering their dynamics, which yields to lagging battery current while the SC provides spikes of current to meet load demands.•The hysteresis current controller (HCC) aims to track SC current setpoints when dealing with transient load demand and its high-frequency parts. This controller is designed using two settings, the former is the time constant (α) and the former is the current bandwidth (±ΔiLSC). The transient stability of the system is evaluated based on this controller.•The dual-loop control structure controls the battery charge/discharge currents using the faster inner loop based on bus voltage deviations and computed current setpoints of the slower outer loop. In this, classical PI and ST-SM controllers are combined in 4 control structures for comparison and performance assessment purposes.•Consequently, the objective of this research is centered on achieving the superior performance of the HESS system exposed to proposed perturbations, where the adoption of the STSMC controller allows minimizing the chattering that influences the stability in conventional sliding mode controller. Besides, a technical comparison among the proposed combinations of controllers is deliberated. The adoption of hybridized energy storage systems (HESSs) in standalone photovoltaic (PV) systems instead of single battery ESSs offers featured capabilities of high power/energy densities and extended lifespans to supply power through controllable power converters using robust controllers. This paper examines the HESS control subjected to pulsed power balance changes through splitting frequency parts of load requirements among battery and supercapacitor. The filtering-based frequency decoupling method ensures sharing control of HESS currents using a dual-loop structure with high control dynamic to track battery currents considering Bus voltage abnormalities, and a hysteresis current controller (HCC) to command supercapacitor currents using battery current setpoints. Three settings are used to assess the superior performance of the HESS: combining Proportional-Integral (PI) with Super-twisting sliding mode (STSMC) controllers in dual-loop control structures, time-constants, and current b