Structural behaviour of asymptotic geodesic hybrid timber gridshells

Asymptotic geodesic gridshells are a novel structural system that is fabricated from straight and flat planks. The planks are elastically bent and twisted around their slender dimension to achieve the desired geometry, while the tall dimension creates structural stiffness. This system combines the geometric features of asymptotic and geodesic curves to create a hybrid tri-hex network on doubly curved surfaces, and provides a stable grid to resist its self-weight and external loads. To comprehensively explore the structural capabilities of asymptotic geodesic gridshells, a full-scale timber gridshell prototype was designed and built. Loading tests, including local and one shell asymmetrical loading, were carried out to examine the structural behaviour of the gridshell. A nonlinear finite-element model was developed and subsequently validated using experimental data. The evaluation of the timber gridshell revealed its high performance under uniformly distributed loads, and the simulation indicated a viable live load capacity of 7.0 kN/m². In a parametric study, the influence of the polar array layout, the joint rotation stiffness, and the support condition on the structural performance of the hybrid gridshell are analysed. Parameters influencing the achievable span are discussed regarding strength, stiffness and buckling behaviour for future design considerations. •Development of a full-scale timber gridshell prototype utilizing asymptotic geodesic design principles.•Comprehensive loading experiments, including local area and one-shell asymmetrical loading, to investigate the structural behaviour.•Development and validation of a nonlinear FE model to assess the gridshell's performance under various loading conditions.•Parametric study examining the impact of polar array layout, joint rotation stiffness, and support condition on structural performance.•Dimensional analysis of the achievable scale, considering strength, stiffness and buckling behaviour.