Numerical modelling of Dual Function Tanks for Fire Suppression and Tuned Liquid Damper Applications

•Water storage tanks for fire suppression can be utilized to fulfill the function of structure control as Tuned Liquid Damper (TLD) if properly designed.•A TLD is outfitted with a perforated floor to allow for water passage between compartments to meet both volume and flow rate fire code requirements.•A 2D macroscopic SPH model is employed to model the dual function rectangular tank with a perforated floor showing excellent agreement when compared with an explicit microscopic model (MM), with significant decrease in computational time.•For a structure-TLD system subjected to random excitation, the tank with a perforated floor was found to enhance the performance of the TLD compared to a tank with a solid floor and a fire reserve tank, while obtaining the required water volume for fire suppression. Exceeding serviceability limits due to wind-induced motions in tall buildings can cause discomfort for residents and adversely affect auxiliary building services, such as elevator operations. A tuned liquid damper (TLD) is an attractive type of dynamic absorber because of its simplicity and affordability. However, its dimensions and geometry can be limited by available floor space. Utilizing dual-purpose water tanks for both damping and fire suppression purposes can be a feasible resolution to fire code requirements and building motion control. Several design criteria need to be considered to accommodate the fire code requirements and the proper tuning of the TLD. Consequently, in this study, a TLD tank is fitted with a perforated floor to divide it into two compartments that allow water transmission to meet fire code requirements. However, the sloshing motion within the tank is complex and computationally expensive to capture when using traditional simulation models. This paper presents a 2D ISPH code equipped with a macro-level model to capture the effect of the perforated floor on the overall sloshing response of the tank. The model is first evaluated using existing results from previous studies on tanks with horizontal baffles. Next, the ISPH model is used to numerically model the perforated floor using the Ergun resistance (ER) macro-level model. In addition, the perforated floor is also explicitly micro-level modelled using rigid boundary particles to validate the proposed ER model. A numerical analysis is then conducted under different excitation amplitudes and frequencies, with both time history and frequency response results being presented. A structure-