Model-based systems engineering examination of failures ontology in aircraft turbine blades

•The occurrence of failures in the jet engine turbine hot section blades have different causes, each cause can lead to different failures, or one failure can be affected by several causes.•The Cybernetic structure that relates each cause to each failure could be used in upper-level constructions held by MRO to reduce the risk of failure.•The allocated architecture of the cause-failure process demonstrates the interrelations between both process dimensions. The concept of Systems Engineering (SE) is widely used in modern times, with approaches based on analyzing the levels and processes of a system. SE approaches are elaborate based on the interpretation of the system's levels and analyzing the whole process. Although such methods are usually used in the analysis of organizations or enormous systems, this effort attempts to show that the same SE analytical tools can be useable in the deepest level of a system. The study focuses on investigating the failure process of a turbine blade, which is considered a system component. The first essential issue in analyzing a system is its interactions with the environment and its effects on the system's internal cybernetics. The study identifies failure processes that cause structural damage as well-defined and tangible processes of microsystem interactions. The research provides a comprehensive architecture of possible failures in an aircraft's jet engine's hot section turbine blades, utilizing a systemic approach and SE tools such as SysML-based models and Domain Mapping Matrices (DMM) to allocate causes of these failures. This research aims to propose an allocated SE-oriented architecture of Failure-Causes in jet engine turbine blades that is more suitable for use in programming.