Thermophysical characterization of paraffin-based PCMs for low temperature thermal energy storage applications for buildings

Trustworthy information about the thermophysical properties of phase-change-materials (PCMs) is vital for designing low temperature thermal energy storage systems for buildings and for modelling their thermal behaviour. However, data provided by manufacturers are recurrently optimistic, insufficient and/or uncertain for developing reliable numerical approaches, which requires further investigation. This paper aims to assess the key thermophysical properties of ten paraffin-based PCMs: microencapsulated and bulk paraffins. The melting/solidification peak temperatures, the enthalpy of fusion/solidification and the specific heat capacity were measured by Modulated-Differential-Scanning-Calorimetry. The Transient-Plane-Source-method was used to estimate the variations of the thermal conductivity/diffusivity with temperature. The thermal stability was assessed by High-Resolution-Thermogravimetric-Analysis. The microstructures of the microencapsulated PCMs were examined via Scanning-Electron-Microscopy. It was concluded that some information provided in the datasheets is roughly corroborated by the experimental results. However, in some cases, it was too optimistic (particularly the enthalpy of fusion/solidification), incoherent (mainly the melting/solidification peak temperatures) or scarce (e.g., the values of the thermal conductivity and the specific heat of the solid/liquid phases). The major contribution of this work is a reliable dataset for upcoming numerical modelling, saving time and resources in future studies. The results can also be used as a reference for future inter-laboratorial comparison studies. [Display omitted] •The key thermophysical properties of ten commercial paraffin-based PCMs are evaluated.•Two types of PCMs are assessed: microencapsulated and bulk PCMs.•Results show that the values of some properties provided in the datasheets are too optimistic, incoherent or nonexistent.•The results complete the scarce information provided by some manufacturers.•The reliable data provided can save time, resources and funds in future modelling tasks.